c++程序设计第3版谭浩强课后答案
C++编程:将以上4个函数组成一个程序,由主程序先后调出这些函数,实现链表的建立、输出、删除和插入,在主程序中指定需要删除和插入的结点。
以下是此题的【c++源代码】
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define NULL 0
struct student
{long num;
float score;
student *next;
};
int n;
int main()
{ student *creat(void);
student *del(student *,long);
student *insert(student *,student *);
void print(student *);
student *head,*stu;
long del_num;
cout<<"input records:"<<endl;
head=creat(); //返回头指针
print(head); //输出全部结点
cout<<endl<<"input the deleted number:";
cin>>del_num; //输入要删除的学号
while(del_num!=0)
{head=del(head,del_num); //删除后链表的头地址
print(head); //输出全部结点
cout<<"input the deleted number:";
cin>>del_num;
}
cout<<endl<<"input the inserted record:"; //输入要插入的结点
stu=new student; //开辟一个新结点
cin>>stu->num>>stu->score;
while(stu->num!=0)
{head=insert(head,stu); //返回地址
print(head); //输出全部结点
cout<<endl<<"input the inserted record:"; //输入要插入的结点
stu=new student;
cin>>stu->num>>stu->score;
}
return 0;
}
student *creat(void) //建立链表的函数
{student *head;
student *p1,*p2;
n=0;
p1=p2=new student; //开辟一个新单元,并使p1,p2指向它
cin>>p1->num>>p1->score;
head=NULL;
while(p1->num!=0)
{n=n+1;
if(n==1) head=p1;
else p2->next=p1;
p2=p1;
p1=new student;
cin>>p1->num>>p1->score;
}
p2->next=NULL;
return(head);
}
student *del(student *head,long num) //删除结点的函数
{student *p1,*p2;
if (head==NULL) //是空表
{cout<<"list null!"<<endl; return(head);}
p1=head; //使p1指向第一个结点
while(num!=p1->num && p1->next!=NULL) //p1指向的不是所要找的结点且后面还有结点
{p2=p1; p1=p1->next;} //p1后移一个结点
if(num==p1->num) //找到了
{if(p1==head) head=p1->next; //若p1指向的是首结点,把第二个结点地址赋予head
else p2->next=p1->next; //否则将下一结点地址赋给前一结点地址
cout<<"delete:"<<num<<endl;
n=n-1;
}
else cout<<"cannot find "<<num; //找不到该结点
return(head);
}
student *insert(student *head,student *stud) //插入结点的函数
{student *p0,*p1,*p2;
p1=head; //使p1指向第一个结点
p0=stud; //指向要插入的结点
if(head==NULL) //原来的链表是空表
{head=p0;p0->next=NULL;} //使p0指向的结点作为头结点
else
{while((p0->num>p1->num) && (p1->next!=NULL))
{p2=p1; //使p2指向刚才p1指向的结点
p1=p1->next;} //p1后移一个结点
if(p0->num<=p1->num)
{if(head==p1) head=p0; //插到原来第一个结点之前
else p2->next=p0; //插到p2指向的结点之后
p0->next=p1;}
else
{p1->next=p0; p0->next=NULL;}} //插到最后的结点之后
n=n+1; //结点数加1
return (head);
}
void print(student *head) //输出链表的函数
{student *p;
cout<<"Now,These "<<n<<" records are:"<<endl;
p=head;
if(head!=NULL)
do
{cout<<p->num<<" "<<p->score<<endl;
p=p->next;
}while(p!=NULL);
}
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